Europe: Real Estate and Construction

Part 31 of the Civil Procedure Rules concerns the disclosure and inspection of documents in civil litigation. In summary, a party discloses a document by stating that the document exists or has existed. A party to whom a document has been disclosed has a right to inspect that document except where, amongst other things, the party disclosing the document has a right or a duty to withhold inspection of it.

A judgment delivered on 23 April 2012 stated that in a Settlement Agreement, inclusion of the phrase "full and final settlement in respect of any and all outstanding matters" was, on the facts, sufficient to exclude liability for defects.

Minister Brian Hayes passed the bill through the second stage of the Dáil on 3 May 2012.

On 10 July, the UK Government introduced the English Devolution and Community Empowerment Bill (the Bill) to Parliament, which unexpectedly includes a proposed ban...

On 25 July 2025, the Court of Appeal issued their decision in AP Wireless II (UK) Ltd v On Tower (UK) Ltd [2025] EWCA Civ 971 which has provided much-needed clarity on whether a "minimum term" ...

The purpose of a rent review clause in a commercial lease is to ensure that the rent payable by the tenant keeps pace with inflation and with the rent paid on the open market for similar premises.

From 1 January 2009 the state system of licensing in construction, engineering surveys, preparation of design documentation, reconstruction and capital repair of capital structures was replaced with a self-regulating system.

This bulletin aims to highlight key tax issues which may be of importance to real estate funds and investors.

Today's entry is a summary of the regime for authorising major infrastructure projects introduced by the Planning Act 2008 and amended by the Localism Act 2011.

Yüklenicinin arsa malikine ait arsa üzerinde inşaat yapmayı, buna karşılık arsa malikinin de inşa edilecek bağımsız bölümlerin belirli bir kısmını yükleniciye devretmeyi taahhüt ettiği arsa payı karşılığı inşaat sözleşmeleri inşaat sektöründe yaygın olarak tercih edilmektedir.

Construction agreements in return for land share, where the contractor undertakes to build on land owned by the landowner in exchange for a certain portion of the resulting independent units, are widely preferred in the construction sector.

Türkiye'deki taşınmaz maliklerinin her yıl ödemekle yükümlü olduğu emlak vergisinin hesaplanmasında, taşınmazların emlak rayiç değerleri esas alınmaktadır.