Finance Law and Banking Law

The Canada Revenue Agency’s access to information about cryptocurrency and other crypto-assets is entering a new phase. Canadian taxpayers have always been responsible for identifying, valuing, classifying, and reporting taxable crypto activity, even where an exchange issued no Canadian tax slip, the transaction occurred through a foreign platform, or the assets were never converted into Canadian dollars. 

The Canada Revenue Agency’s (“CRA”) authority to conduct a cryptocurrency tax audit begins with subsection 231.1(1) of the Income Tax Act. It gives authorized CRA officials broad powers to inspect or examine relevant documents, records, property, processes, and other matters, and to require reasonable assistance and proper oral or written answers.

More than 40 of the world’s leading financial institutions and central banks are actively collaborating on initiatives to modernize cross-border payments.

Finance has evolved from a supporting function to a strategic driver in aerospace and defence, shaping how organisations fund innovation, manage risk and deliver complex programmes. As capital requirements grow and economic pressures mount, financial strategy is becoming central to competitiveness and long-term resilience in an increasingly uncertain global market.

Infrastructure projects increasingly rely on collaborative delivery models that challenge traditional risk allocation frameworks. As capital markets evolve and financing sources diversify, the tension between collaborative approaches and conventional bankability requirements creates new structural challenges that demand innovative solutions from owners, contractors, lenders, and equity providers.

Project finance raises long-term debt and equity against the project's assets and future cash flows rather than against sponsor balance sheets. Lenders will not commit capital...

Section 160 of the Income Tax Act (ITA) is one of the most potent collection tools available to the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). While most tax liabilities are personal to the individual who earned the income, section 160 creates a form of “derivative” or secondary liability.

On June 24, the Canadian Investment Regulatory Organization (CIRO) published new Guidance on the Fit and Proper Test for Approved Persons (GN-9200-26-001) (the Guidance), replacing the Oct. 14, 2021, IIROC Guidance Note on this issue

Picture this: a borrower is relying on a revolving credit facility to meet working capital needs. Suddenly, it is told by its lender that a “material adverse event” has occurred, and the facility is now being frozen or called. What does this mean, and what can the borrower do?

British Columbia's First Nations Equity Financing Program is now accepting applications, offering up to $1 billion in loan guarantees to support First Nations acquiring equity ownership in revenue-generating projects within their traditional territories. The Program aims to position First Nations as equity partners in economic development while reducing borrowing costs and unlocking access to capital for major infrastructure and resource projects.

Ontario's local distribution company sector faces unprecedented consolidation pressure driven by $30 billion in capital requirements for grid modernization. Municipal governments selling utility assets must navigate the "windfall trap"—political pressure to spend proceeds on short-term projects rather than preserving long-term value. Strategic deployment of sale proceeds into independent endowment funds offers municipalities a path to convert depreciating infrastructure into perpetual revenue streams

Saskatchewan's recent amendments to The Saskatchewan Farm Security Regulations introduce significant changes affecting agricultural lending and farmland ownership, including the elimination of the CPPIB exemption and clarified administrative penalties. These regulatory shifts require lenders and borrowers to reassess their compliance strategies, due diligence processes, and ownership structures to navigate the evolving framework governing farmland transactions in the province.