Business Law and Corporate Law

Turkey's Capital Markets Board has lowered the disclosure threshold for shareholding changes in publicly traded companies from 5% to 3%, effective September 11, 2026. This regulatory update requires earlier public disclosure of ownership structure changes and introduces new transparency requirements for both direct and indirect shareholdings through the Central Registry Agency.

Abstract This article examines the legal transition from private ownership to a public offering and continuing listed-company regulation in Turkey.

Turkish Commercial Code provisions grant minority shareholders specific protective rights to prevent majority abuse in joint-stock companies. This comprehensive analysis examines both positive and negative minority rights, exploring mechanisms like special audit requests, general assembly convocation powers, and justified dissolution claims that balance corporate governance dynamics.

Turkey offers foreign investors a large and diversified energy market, substantial renewable resources, a strategic position between producing and consuming regions, and a regulatory system that combines market liberalization with close administrative supervision.

Abstract This article examines the legal transition from private ownership to a public offering and continuing listed-company regulation in Turkey.

Turkish Commercial Code provisions grant minority shareholders specific protective rights to prevent majority abuse in joint-stock companies. This comprehensive analysis examines both positive and negative minority rights, exploring mechanisms like special audit requests, general assembly convocation powers, and justified dissolution claims that balance corporate governance dynamics.

Within the scope of the European Green Deal, which constitutes one of the key elements of the European Union’s (“EU”) policies to combat climate change, the EU aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve a climate-neutral economy by 2050.

Avrupa Birliği’nin (“AB”) iklim değişikliği ile mücadele politikalarının temel unsurlarından biri olan Avrupa Yeşil Mutabakatı kapsamında, sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması ve 2050 yılı itibarıyla iklim nötr bir ekonomiye ulaşılması hedeflenmektedir.

Ticari sözleşmelerde cezai şart, tarafları yükümlülüklerini yerine getirmeye teşvik eden ve sözleşme ihlallerinin sonuçlarını önceden belirleyen önemli bir hukuki araçtır.

Within the scope of the European Green Deal, which constitutes one of the key elements of the European Union’s (“EU”) policies to combat climate change, the EU aims to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and achieve a climate-neutral economy by 2050.

Avrupa Birliği’nin (“AB”) iklim değişikliği ile mücadele politikalarının temel unsurlarından biri olan Avrupa Yeşil Mutabakatı kapsamında, sera gazı emisyonlarının azaltılması ve 2050 yılı itibarıyla iklim nötr bir ekonomiye ulaşılması hedeflenmektedir.

Ticari sözleşmelerde cezai şart, tarafları yükümlülüklerini yerine getirmeye teşvik eden ve sözleşme ihlallerinin sonuçlarını önceden belirleyen önemli bir hukuki araçtır.