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The Regulation on Refurbished Products (“Regulation”), published in the Official Gazette dated 27 June 2026 and numbered 33293, entered into force on 1 August 2026. The Regulation repealed the Regulation on the Sale of Refurbished Products, which had constituted the main regulatory framework for the refurbished products market since 22 August 2020, and substantially reorganized the system governing the refurbishment, certification and sale of refurbished products.

This article examines the protection of patents, utility models, designs, copyright and related commercial interests in Turkey. It considers territorial protection, filing routes, ownership, employee and commissioned works, licences, infringement, interim remedies, customs measures and the evidence needed for enforcement. The judicial authorities cited in the text illustrate the importance of identifying the particular right and the person entitled to enforce it.

This article examines the permit and compliance framework for short-term tourism rentals of residential property in Turkey. It considers the scope of the rental regime, the eligible permit holder, apartment-owner consent, property standards, management arrangements, guest registration, sanctions and changes of ownership.