South Africa: Finance and Banking

South Africa is preparing to implement mandatory central clearing for certain over-the-counter derivatives by 2028, marking one of the most significant regulatory changes to its derivatives market in over a decade. The South African Reserve Bank has confirmed that the framework will initially apply to rand-denominated interest rate swaps and forward rate agreements, with additional derivative classes to be introduced gradually. Market participants across the financial services industry will need to assess t

The South African Reserve Bank's dispute with fintech Kastelo has evolved from an account freeze into a pivotal test case for how exchange control regulations apply to crypto arbitrage platforms. As the litigation moves beyond procedural questions to substantive regulatory compliance, businesses operating cross-border digital asset models face critical uncertainty about when client foreign exchange allowances can legitimately support platform-based crypto transactions. The unresolved merits may fundamentall

The European Union's Sixth Capital Requirements Directive introduces a unified framework requiring non-EU banks to establish authorized branches when providing core banking services into EU Member States. With the grandfathering deadline now passed and full implementation approaching in January 2027, South African financial institutions must urgently assess which cross-border activities fall within scope, which exemptions may apply, and whether establishing a permanent European presence has become necessary