As of January 2024, more than 2600 Russian individuals and legal entities have been included in the Swiss sanctions list as a result of measures taken by Switzerland in connection with the situation in Ukraine. A number of individuals have been successfully removed from the US, EU and Swiss sanctions list already. In this newsletter we will focus on the general legal framework for Swiss sanctions removal, specific recent successful cases and the LINDEMANNLAW expertise in this area.
1. What is the purpose of the
Swiss economic sanctions policy? How can
persons be removed from the Swiss Sanctions list?
The primary objective of Switzerland imposing sanctions on
a legal entity or an individual is to encourage to change behavior
in line with the Swiss policy goals by that persons and companies.
Economic sanctions are to be distinguished from criminal
punishment. Accordingly, if it can be shown that the basis for the
designation no longer applies, potentially the behavior may have
already been changed at the time the sanctions have been imposed
and respectively at the time that the person or company has been
included in a sanctions list, the relevant person or company has to
be removed from the Swiss sanctions list. Successful cases of
removal are typically businesspeople that do not or no longer
support certain government activities, as well as family members or
known contacts that do not or no longer support sanctioned
actors.
2. Are law firms allowed to represent clients?
LINDEMANNLAW is a Swiss law firm acting under the laws of
the Swiss Confederation. While the Swiss Confederation has taken to
implement Swiss economic sanctions in harmony with the EU, Swiss
law firms for sanctions removal are not prohibited to provide legal
services to Russian individuals1. Swiss
law firms are also allowed to provide legal services to Russian
legal entities with respect to judicial, administrative or arbitral
proceedings to maintain their access to justice.
3. Are all persons on the EU sanctions
list also on the Swiss sanctions list?
It is possible that individuals were not placed on the
list by the EU as part of the sanctions against Russia, but rather
as part of other independent sanctions regimes. The Federal Council
is aware of this. These so-called "thematic" sanctions
regimes are not directed against an individual country but are
intended to target certain types of behavior worldwide (human
rights violations, cyberattacks and the use of chemical weapons).
In addition to Russian individuals and legal entities, individuals
and legal entities from a large number of other countries are also
targeted by the sanctions, including North Korea, China, Libya and
Eritrea. Accordingly, these thematic sanctions must be clearly
distinguished from the sanctions implemented as a result of
measures taken in connection with the situation in Ukraine. The
listings of Russian individuals and legal entities were made by the
EU independently and well before the current conflict.
4. What is the procedure to remove
Swiss sanctions against an individual?
Sanctioned persons, companies and organisations have the
opportunity to assert their rights. They can submit an application
to the Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and
Research (EAER) to be removed from the sanctions list (known as a
"delisting application procedure in Switzerland"). The
EAER examines the application and issues an appealable ruling,
which can be contested before the Federal Administrative Court and
subsequently before the Federal Supreme Court. The Swiss sanctions
removal process would be the responsibility of the Federal Council.
In this way, the rule of law is fully upheld. This practice has
been confirmed several times by the Federal Supreme Court and has
proven itself in practice. EAER has so far received five such
delisting requests in connection with the situation in Ukraine.
5. What successful precedents exist?
By now there are in total 11 successful precedents of
removing individuals from the EU and the US sanctions list. The
individuals on the EU sanctions list were also removed from the
Swiss sanctions list. Below we offer the full list to your
attention:
Individuals against whom Russia-related sanctions of the EU and the US have been removed:
EU
- Saodat Narzieva
The Guardian
Article link - Olga Ayziman
Official Journal of the European Union
Announcement link - Dmitry Ovsyannikov
EU Court of Justice
Operative part of the ECJ Decision link - Grigory Berezkin
Reuters
Article link - Alexander Shulgin
Financial Times
Article link - Georgy Shuvaev (deceased 2022)
Reuters
Article link
US - Anatoly Karachinskiy
First Russian National to be removed from the U.S. SDN List following the Russian war in Ukraine on May 19, 2023
Article link - Andrey Golikov
Office of Foreign Assets Control
Press-release link - Elena Titova
Finews.ch
Article link - Natalya Alymova
Global Sanctions
Article link - Paul Goldfinch
Global Sanctions
Article link
6. What are the benefits of a removal from the Swiss
sanctions list?
The mayor benefit is asset unfreezing after Swiss
sanctions removal. The former designated person can freely manage
all his or her assets. Especially bank accounts will be deblocked.
In addition, the assets of companies controlled by the former
designated person are unfrozen and can be used to conduct
business.
7. Why LINDEMANNLAW?
- LINDEMANNLAW has experience with removals from EU, Swiss and US sanctions lists as we employ EU, Swiss and US lawyers.
- We have Russian-speaking lawyers in our team who work on sanctions removal cases and work with Russian-speaking clients for more than 12 years.
- We coordinate simultaneous removals from EU, Swiss and US sanctions lists and legal representation for sanctioned individuals.
- We have a specialized litigation team.
- Alongside with our team expertise, LINDEMANNLAW utilizes custom-tailored AI technology, internet resources and world intelligence databases that help to verify that the grounds for sanctions had no factual basis or were inaccurately assessed
Footnote
1 Art. 28e. Verbote betreffend Dienstleistungen. RS 946.231.176.72. Verordnung über Massnahmen im Zusammenhang mit der Situation in der Ukraine. https://www.fedlex.admin.ch/eli/cc/2022/151/de.
The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.