In April 2017, an “Early Childhood Protection” Law project was introduced that extends maternity and paternity leave and creates leave for adoption, assisted fertilization and miscarriages.
The project, proposed for the rights of children, parents and the family as a whole, modifies and incorporates the following articles:
Special Leave Regime. The following special leave is extended and incorporated:
- For a child’s death five (5) days;
- For a sibling´s death three (3) days;
- For death of spouse´s child or cohabiting partner five (5) days;
- For death of one of the parents of the spouse or of the cohabitee (1) day;
- To take exams in primary, secondary or higher education, two (2) days per examination, with a maximum of twelve (12) days per year calendar;
- To visit a prospective adoptive child, two (2) days with a maximum of twelve (12) days per year since the time the adopter initiates his/her previous visits to custody for adoption purposes until it hass granted by the competent judge;
- For illness or medically assisted reproductive techniques of a dependent, spouse or cohabiting partner, two (2) days with a maximum of twenty (20) days, continuous or discontinuous per calendar year;
- For medically-assisted reproduction procedures on female employees, thirty (30) days, continuous or discontinuous per calendar year.
- In case of miscarriage, twenty (20) days per calendar year.
Maternity Leave: the prohibition to female employees
to work prior to childbirth is extended to sixty (60) days and one
hundred and twenty (120) days after. The employee may choose to
reduce the leave prior to delivery. In such case, it may not be
less than twenty (20) days; the rest of the total maternity leave
may be accumulated to the period after childbirth.
The prohibition to provide services is incorporated during the
period of one hundred and eighty (180) days after the effective
notification of the judicial decision that grants the child or
adolescent in custody for adoption purposes and the other parent or
alleged adoptive parent during the thirty (30) days after the birth
of his/her child or of the authentic notification of the judicial
decision that grants the child or adolescent in custody for
adoption purposes, respectively.
The parents are entitled to the leave provided for by the first and
third paragraphs of this article, even if their child is
stillborn.
In case of custody for adoption purposes, the alleged adopters will
have the right to choose which of them will enjoy the leave
established herein.
In the case of the death of one of the parents, adopter or alleged
adopter, the other one may use the leave not taken that has been
granted to the deceased.
Incorporation of Article 177 bis establishing the extension of
parental leave for cases of birth or custody for multiple adoption
purposes, the leave of the progenitor and the alleged adopter
provided for in paragraphs 1 and 2 article 177 will be extended to
thirty (30) more days for each child starting from the second
one.
In case of high risk birth, the license provided for in paragraph 1
of Article 177 might be extended for thirty (30) days.
In the case of or custody for the purpose of adopting a child with
disability or chronic illness, a sixty (60) day leave should be
added.
For the cases contemplated in the preceding paragraphs, the other
parent or alleged adopter is entitled to add a leave of fifteen
(15) days from the second child and in cases of high risk birth and
thirty (30) days in the case of child with disability or chronic
illness.
New leave for pre-term birth: In this case, the period of
leave provided in the first paragraph of article 177 not enjoyed
before the birth, will be accumulated. In addition, the maternity
leave mentioned in the article will be counted as of the date of
discharge of the new-born child.
In addition, the female staff will enjoy a special leave for
prematurity that will last from the date of birth to the date of
discharge of the child.The other parent is entitled to a fifteen
(15) days leave.
Pregnancy notice: a new article is incorporated establishing
that parents must duly communicate to the employer the pregnancy
with a medical certificate stating the presumed date of birth, or
require verification by the employer.
In the case of an adoption, parents must communicate the beginning
of the legal procedures for obtaining custody of the child or
adolescent by presenting the judicial record and the judicial
decision granting to the child or adolescent custody for adoption
purposes.
Birth of a child, Social Benefit and Employment preservation:
both parents and the presumptive adopters will keep their
employment for the periods stated in the articles 177, 177 bis and
177 ter, and will enjoy the allowances conferred on them by social
security systems.
By the incorporation of a new article, the parents are guaranteed
during gestation and the prospective adopters during the judicial
process to obtain custody of the child for adoption purposes, the
right to stability in their jobs. It will be an acquired right,
since notification of the pregnancy or the beginning of the
judicial proceedings for the adoption of custody is done. It will
include the right to keep their job, the extent and the level of
the career attained.
Employee’s dismissal for pregnancy or childbirth, adoption, or medically-assisted reproduction techniques. Presumption: The proposed amendment gives equal treatment to fathers and mothers in cases of maternity or paternity dismissals and extends and incorporates deadlines. This amendment presumes, unless evidence is provided to the contrary, that the dismissal without cause of workers is discriminatory if any of the following assumptions is made:
- When it is available within the period of eight and a half (8 and ½) months before and twelve (12) months after the date of birth, provided that the employer is aware of the pregnancy and/ or birth. This presumption also applies in case of miscarriage.
- When it it is given after the pregnancy of spouse or partner has been notified and up to twelve (12) months after the birth of your child.
- When it is given within twelve (12) months after notification to the employer of the initiation of custody proceedings for adoption purposes.
- When it is given within the term of twelve (12) months after the communication of the utilization of medically-assisted reproduction procedures and techniques.
The article also incorporates that, in case of dismissal, the affected employees may opt, exclusively, for the compensation payment equal to that provided for in article 182 of Labor Contract Law or for the reinstatement in their work position in the same conditions as before, with higher wages if appropriate.
Daily rest due to breastfeeding or feeding. The proposed modification allows the progenitor or the adopter to have one (1) hour to breastfeed or feed their child during the working day. The rest may be taken either: (i) once within the day (ii) dividing it in two (2) periods, (iii) or postponing or advancing in half an hour or an hour the start or end of the working day, for a period not exceeding twelve (12) months after the date of birth unless for medical reasons it is necessary for the mother to breastfeed her child for a longer period.
Child Development Centers: establishments where a minimum of
fifty (50) workers are employed, the employer must establish a
Child Development Center to be used by the children under three (3)
years, of the employed staff.
These Child Development Centers must comply with the requirements
of Law 26.233, will not have cost to the beneficiary employees,
shall remain open and in service until at least thirty percent
(30%) of the staff is in working hours and operate within the
premises of the workplace or at a distance of not more than one (1)
kilometer from the establishment, and may be installed in
association with more than one employer.
The article incorporates the possibility of the employer to replace
such obligation by a monthly payment of a non- remunerative money
benefit.
Reincorporation of employees after maternity, paternity o adoption leave: for the parents or alleged adoptive parents benefiting from the leave mentioned in paragraphs 1 and 2 of article 177, respectively, under current employment relationship, who continue residing in the country, the possibility of returning to the workplace reducing their normal working hours by half and their monthly remuneration in the same proportion, for a period no exceeding six (6) months schedule within the end of the corresponding leave is incorporated.
Likewise, the proposed amendment allows the employer to replace the parent only in the same category and working conditions as they had at the time of birth, the granting of custody for adoption or the child´s illness.
Finally, article 186 establishes that in the event of a failure to reinstate the parent after expiration or exceeding leave period, the employer must first take the notice provided for in article 244 of the employment contract law to decide on the termination of the work employment contract.
The content of this article is intended to provide a general guide to the subject matter. Specialist advice should be sought about your specific circumstances.