Turkey
Answer ... Third-party funding is not common in litigation or arbitration in Turkey. However, pursuant to Article 334 of the Turkish Civil Procedure Code, claims that do not lack merit may qualify for legal aid from the state Treasury. There are no specific regulations on third-party funding or third-party funders in the arbitration legislation. Therefore, there are no legal restrictions that apply to third-party funders. Nevertheless, Article 35 of the Turkish Attorneyship Law (7249) infers that such funders cannot provide legal services. In addition, Articles 11 and 12 of the Turkish Attorneyship Law, titled “Activities incompatible with attorneyship” and “Activities compatible with attorneyship” respectively, imply that attorneys and law firms cannot function as funders.