Answer ... The relevant trademark legislation includes:

• the Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property;
• the Madrid Agreement on the International Registration of Trademarks (and the Protocol thereto);
• the Trademark Law Treaty;
• the Singapore Treaty;
• the Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights;
• the Russian Civil Code (Part 4);
• the Rules on Filing and Consideration of Trademark Applications, insofar as these are in compliance with the Russian Civil Code; and
• other administrative guidelines and recommendations.

Answer ... According to Russian law, trademark rights arise from the moment of state registration. No rights derive from the use of an unregistered trademark.