Answer ... In the Romanian legislation, the arbitral tribunal has the role of verifying its own competence, during the first hearing. Yet, the parties may also raise an objection to the jurisdiction of the tribunal when the matter is brought before a regular court, usually before any defense on the merits.

Also, a party may raise an objection to the jurisdiction of the tribunal after an award was rendered, by means of setting aside the tribunal award.

Answer ... Yes. According to Article 579 of the RCPC for domestic arbitration and 1119 of the RCPC for international arbitration, the tribunal has the competence to rule on its jurisdiction.

Answer ... Article 554 of the RCPC states that if a dispute for which exists an arbitration agreement has been brought before a regular court, said court can verify and rule on its competence only if one of the parties makes such a request.

Also, the RCPC provides that if there is a conflict on competence between a regular court and an arbitral tribunal, the conflict shall be solved by the regular court which is superior to that within the conflict.