Data Protection Agencies (DPAs) in six European countries, including the UK and the Netherlands, have opened investigations into Google for its handling of user data since the introduction of company guidelines two years ago. The Dutch DPA has reportedly ordered Google to start seeking consent or face fines of up to €15 million. Meanwhile, Google's French subsidiary has been ordered by the Paris Tribunal de Grande Instance to pay daily fines of €1,000 unless links to a defamatory article are removed from the parent company's entire global network, based on the "right to be forgotten".

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