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Companies in Saudi Arabia must disclose their Ultimate Beneficial Ownership (UBO) information at incorporation and confirm or update it when renewing their Commercial Registration. Failure to comply can result in penalties, including fines of up to SAR 500,000 for repeated violations.

Kuwait's new Ministerial Decision No. 109/2026 introduces sweeping regulations for electronic delivery platforms, capping commissions at 17% and prohibiting exclusivity arrangements. How will these comprehensive rules reshape the balance of power between delivery platforms, restaurants, and consumers in Kuwait's rapidly growing e-commerce sector?

Iraq's infrastructure needs far exceed its oil-funded federal budget, making Public-Private Partnerships an attractive solution for power, water, hospitals, and transport projects. Yet without a comprehensive PPP statute, structuring bankable projects requires navigating fragmented legal frameworks, uncertain budgetary authority, and complex approval chains that determine whether signed contracts become operational realities.