Europe: International Law

The European Union has adopted its 21st package of restrictive measures against Russia, representing the most comprehensive expansion of sanctions in four years with 218 new designations spanning banks, crypto platforms, military suppliers, and shadow fleet operators.

As NATO transitions to European operational leadership under "NATO 3.0," the United States is increasingly viewing Türkiye as a potential regional leader due to its robust defense industrial base and military capabilities. However, this shift faces significant obstacles from European allies wary of Türkiye's independent foreign policy and strategic hedging with Russia. Can the EU overcome longstanding disputes with Türkiye over Cyprus and Greece to forge a new defense partnership, or will div

The UK government has introduced significant changes to its sanctions framework, including new powers to target criminal networks, expanded enforcement capabilities...

The Free Trade Agreement between Ukraine and Türkiye, ratified in July 2026, establishes a comprehensive framework extending far beyond simple tariff reductions. While the agreement introduces product-specific customs duty eliminations and phased reductions, it also creates binding rules for services trade, commercial establishment, electronic commerce, and state-to-state dispute resolution.

The ASY Legal Tech Hub currently provides two different legal-information products: a maintained trade-defence register and a guided recognition and enforcement workflow. Their design follows the legal task, source structure and review boundary of each field.

Foreign producers participating in a Turkish anti-dumping investigation must establish interested-party status, submit a reconciled questionnaire response and maintain confidential and verifiable evidence within the applicable period.

A Chinese defendant successfully obtained conditional alignment of procedural deadlines in a patent infringement case before the Milan Local Division, despite the claimant's opposition based on the Hong Kong co-defendant's alleged refusal to accept voluntary service. The Court granted the alignment but required immediate acceptance of service by the unserved defendant as a precondition.

The Milan Local Division of the UPC Court of First Instance issued a comprehensive decision by default addressing critical questions of service procedure, damages standards, and enforcement mechanisms in cross-border patent infringement cases.

The Munich Local Division of the Unified Patent Court addressed critical procedural questions in provisional measures proceedings, examining how prior knowledge of infringement allegations from parallel litigation in other jurisdictions affects the timeline for preparing objections. The court's decision establishes important precedents for balancing swift relief against the fundamental rights of respondents in cross-border patent disputes.