Answer ... As a general rule, an IP licence must be executed in the form of a written instrument (agreement) that clearly demonstrates the will of the contracting parties in relation to the subject matter of the deal and that contains the material terms required by law, depending on the nature of the deal.

With respect to the quality of goods produced and sold under licence, the licensee and licensor shall bear joint and several liability to consumers.

Answer ... Under Russian law, registration of a contract that mainly concerns the grant of certain licensing rights to registrable intellectual property (including trademarks and service marks) is mandatory, regardless of whether the grant is national or international.

Registration of the licence agreement is a condition for the validity and enforceability of the contract. A non-registered licence agreement in relation to registered intellectual property will be null and void and generally unenforceable by the contractual parties.

Answer ... No. However, with respect to the quality of goods produced and sold under licence, the licensee and licensor bear joint and several liability to consumers.