On January 11, 2017, ESMA published a follow-up report to the 2015 peer review on best execution. MiFID requires investment firms to provide best execution for their clients when executing their clients' orders. ESMA conducted a peer review on how national regulators supervised and enforced the requirements in 2011 and 2012 and published the results in February 2015, recommending, amongst other things: (i) prioritization of best execution by national regulators; (ii) the allocation of supervisory resources; and (iii) the adoption of a proactive approach to monitoring compliance with best execution requirements, including through onsite inspections. In 2016, ESMA began to assess whether national regulators had taken steps to address the shortcomings identified in the peer review. The 2017 report shows that national regulators are being more proactive in their supervision of best execution. However, there are still some deficiencies that need to be addressed as some national regulators were not able to show progress in relationship to deficiencies previously identified. ESMA's view is that regular and proactive supervision and monitoring of compliance with the best execution requirements is the only way to ensure investor protection in this area. Firms will continue to be subject to best execution requirements when the MiFID II package comes into effect on January 3, 2018 and ESMA urges national regulators to act to ensure that there is compliance with best execution requirements by investment firms. ESMA's 2017 follow-up report is available at: https://www.esma.europa.eu/press-news/esma-news/esma-finds-improvement-in-regulators%E2%80%99-supervision-mifid-best-execution  and the 2015 peer review report is available

at: https://www.esma.europa.eu/sites/default/files/library/2015/11/2015-494_peer_review_report_on_best_execution_under_mifid_0.pdf .

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